汤ꢀ 黎ꢀ 李跃平ꢀ 历史与小说的互文———基于新历史主义立场的“历史编撰元小说”
虚构的区分,试图重新定义历史和文学的关系。 “后现
事件(本身并无意义)和事实(被赋予了意义)之间的
差异。 作为最能体现后现代小说特征的小说类型之
一,历史编撰元小说提出的问题是,如何才能认识、深
刻理解和适应复杂的“事实”,如何才能发现“事实”背
后所隐藏的内涵。 正如海登·怀特所说,“对过去的再
代主义的部分立场是,正视虚构/ 历史再现、具体/ 一
般、现在/ 过去的矛盾。 这一正视行为本身就自相矛
盾,因为它拒绝复原或者消解两个对立面的任何一方,
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而且更愿意对两者都加以利用”
。 自相矛盾的历
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史编撰元小说是后现代主义此种悖论的完美注释:它
将自己置于历史话语中,同时也拥有小说的自主性;凸
显又模糊了历史和小说的界限。 历史编撰元小说显
示,“事件”与“事实”有别;此种小说想强调的也正是
现无一例外地都有具体的意识形态内涵”
,历史编
撰元小说利用其能够在社会中发现的一切行之有效的
表意实践进行再现,体现其所倡导的“历史文化转向”
背后强烈的意识形态诉求。
参考文献:
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1]琳达·哈琴.后现代主义诗学:历史·理论·小说[M].李杨,李锋译.南京:南京大学出版社,2009.
2]马克·柯里.后现代叙事理论[M].宁一中译.北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
3]赵一凡,等.西方文论关键词[M].上海:外语教学与研究出版社,2006.
4]Hutcheon L. The Politics of Postmodernism [M].New York and London: Routledge, 1989.
5]袁洪庚.后现代主义文学:琳妲·哈琴笔谈录[J].当代外国文学,2000,(3).
6]Nicol B. The Cambrigdge Introduction to Postmodern Fiction [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge Unioersity press, 2009.
7]White H. Tropics of Discourse: Essays in cultural Criticism [M].Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University press, 1978.
Intertextuality Between History and Fictions:
“
Historiographic Metafiction” Based on the Neo⁃historical Position
TANG Li, LI Yue⁃ping
(
Foreign Language College, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041)
Abstract:The concept of “historiographic metafiction”, raised by famous Canadian theorist Linda
Hutcheon, refers to a trend of postmodern experimental creation which appeared in 1960s and 70s in the
field of European and American literature. This kind of fiction juxtaposes history with fiction through the
recontextualization of historical figure and plot, bears the self⁃referential characteristic of metafiction,
meanwhile includes lots of historical material, thus both embodies and blurs the binary between history
and fiction, expresses the paradox of postmodern literature. This concept aroused hot reflection in the
range of western literary criticism. Mark Currie made detailed analysis about this concept, pointing out
that one of the most influential narrative functions of historiographic metafiction is to reveal the subjectivi⁃
ty of history. This concept illustrates the idea of neo⁃historicism: there’s no classified system in the inter⁃
textuality between history and fiction, both of them are the compositions of cultural representing system.
Key words:“historiographic metafiction”; neo⁃historicism; intertextuality; Linda Hutcheon; Mark
Currie
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责任编辑:唐ꢀ 普]
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