贾延宾ꢀ 分歧与合流:犹太复国主义道路之争
面之处,形成了“综合犹太复国主义”思想,一方面
1948 年5 月14 日,以色列的宣告成立,标志着
犹太复国主义运动取得了最终胜利。 如今的以色列
不仅发展成为一个经济发达和科技领先的国家,更
重要的是建设成为了世界犹太文化和犹太教的中
心、全世界犹太人的精神家园,这也是两种犹太复国
主义思想合流结出的硕果。
继承了政治犹太复国主义争取大国支持的路线,另
一方面吸收文化犹太复国主义思想的精华之处,注
重发挥犹太文化和犹太精神的作用,扎实推进移民
和教育工作,培育犹太民族精神,引导犹太复国主义
运动走向了顺利发展的成功之路。
注释:
①
德雷福斯是一名工作在法国陆军总参谋部的犹太军官。 1894 年法国总参谋部发生了向德国泄密的事件,在没有明显证据
的情况下,仅仅因为德雷福斯是一名犹太人而被逮捕,被控叛国罪判处终身监禁,发送至法国在南美洲的殖民地魔鬼岛服
刑。 事后,在法国各界抗议下的重审证明了德雷福斯的清白,但他仍被指控有罪,直到1906 年才恢复清白和名誉。 德雷福
斯反犹事件使许多犹太人从同化转向了复国主义之路。
参考文献:
[
[
[
1]Mendes⁃Flohr P R. Reinharz J. The Jew in The Modern World:A Documentary History [M]. New York:Oxford University, 1980.
2]Vital D. Zionism: The Formative Years [M].Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1982.
3]Avineri S. The Making of Modern Zionism: The Intellectual Origins of the Jewish State [M].London: George Weidenfeld and Ni⁃
colson Ltd, 1981.
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
4](英)沃尔特·拉克.犹太复国主义史[M].徐芳,阎瑞松译.上海:生活·读书·新知三联书店上海分店,1992.
5]Simon L. Ahad Ha⁃am:Essays, Letters, Memoirs [M].Oxford:Phaidon Press Ltd, 1946.
6](美)罗伯特·M·塞尔茨.犹太的思想[M].赵立行,冯玮译.上海:上海三联书店,1994.
7]徐新,凌继尧.犹太百科全书[K].上海:上海人民出版社,1993.
8]Vital D. The Origins of Zionism [M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1975.
9]Reinharz J. Ahad Ha⁃‘Am: In the Eye of the Storm[J]. Jewish History, 1990,4(2):49⁃57.
10]Marvin Lowenthal. The Diaries of Theodor Herzl [M].New York:Dial Press, 1956.
11] Jaffe B. “A” Herzl Reader: Theodor Herzl Centenary. Background Material For Discussions on Theodor Herzl, the Jewish
Problem and Zionism [M]. Jerusalem:Jerusalem Post Press, 1960.
[
12]Dowty A. Much Ado about Little: Ahad Ha’am’s “Truth from Eretz Israel: Zionism and the Arabs”[J]. Israel Studies, 2001,5
(
2):154⁃181.
[
[
[
[
13]Kornberg J. At the Crossroad:Essays on Ahad Ha⁃Am [M]. New York:State University of New York, 1983.
14]Alfred Gottschalk. Ahad Ha⁃Am, Confronting the Plight of Judaism[J]. Journal of Reform Judaism, 1987,34(3):63⁃72.
15]Weizmann C. The Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann, Vol.7[M].London: Oxford University Press,1968.
16]傅有德.赫茨尔与哈阿姆的犹太复国主义[J].山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1995,(2):41⁃46.
Abruption and Interflow: the Dispute in the Way of Zionism
JIA Yan⁃bin
History and Culture Faculty, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China)
(
Abstract:As the other choice which differs from political Zionism, cultural Zionism criticized the o⁃
pinion and practice of the latter, bringing forward some valuable opinions in the way and manner of Zion⁃
ism. Contradicting as they are, two Zionism thought are both rational and complementary to each other so
that they were both accepted by the latter Zionism movement leaders, which finally led the success of Zi⁃
onism Movement.
Key words:political Zionism; cultural Zionism;Ahad Ha⁃am; Theodor Herzl
[
责任编辑:凌兴珍]
119